图形化界面

AWT

Component 组件基类

Container继承体系 容器

组件，容器，布局

image-20221128153654791

设置组件

image-20221128154241804

对容器根的操作

image-20221128154338204

一个简单的界面

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import java.awt.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setLocation(100, 100);
        frame.setSize(500,500); //设置窗口大小
        frame.setVisible(true);//窗口可见
    }
}

组件和容器

Panel

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import java.awt.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("title");

        //创建一个容器
        Panel p = new Panel();

        //添加组件
        p.add(new TextField("这是一个组件"));
        p.add(new Button("这是一个按钮组件")); //需要设置编码

        frame.add(p);
        frame.setBounds(200,200,500,500);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

ScrollPane

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import java.awt.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("title");

        //创建一个容器
        ScrollPane scrollPane = new ScrollPane();

        scrollPane.add(new TextField("这是一个文本")); //只能看到一个文本框
        scrollPane.add(new Button("这是一个按钮"));

        frame.add(scrollPane);
        frame.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

LayoutManager 接口 布局管理器

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import java.awt.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("title");


        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            frame.add(new Button());
        }

        frame.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 20, 20));//创建一个布局管理器对象
    }
}

BoderLayout布局

边框布局，没有指定区域默认center

image-20221128165822416

image-20221128170344878

区域不使用会被覆盖

GridLayout 网格布局

简易的计算器

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import java.awt.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("计算器");//windows 默认布局

        //添加一个容器
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        panel.add(new TextField(30));
        frame.add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH); //fram 是windows 默认布局 默认BoderLayout 所以不用设置


        //创建一个容器布局设置为 网格布局 panel1 3行 5 列  横纵向间距
        Panel panel1 = new Panel();
        panel1.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,5,4,4));
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            panel1.add(new Button(i+""));
        }
        panel1.add(new Button("+"));
        panel1.add(new Button("-") );
        panel1.add(new Button("*"));
        panel1.add(new Button("/"));
        panel1.add(new Button("."));
        frame.add(panel1);

        //智能大小
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

image-20221128172553835

GridBagLayout

CardLayout 卡片布局

image-20221128173119295

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import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //card 布局
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        CardLayout cardLayout = new CardLayout();
        panel.setLayout(cardLayout);
        String[] name = new String[]{"第一张", "第二张", "第三张", "第四张","第五张" };
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            panel.add(name[i] ,new Button("第"+(i+1)+"张"));
        }
        frame.add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //按钮
        Panel panel1 = new Panel();
        Button b1 = new Button("上一张");
        Button b2 = new Button("下一张");
        Button b3 = new Button("第一张");
        Button b4 = new Button("最后一张");
        Button b5 = new Button("第三张");


        panel1.add(b1);
        panel1.add(b2);
        panel1.add(b3);
        panel1.add(b4);
        panel1.add(b5);

        ActionListener actionListener = new ActionListener(){
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String action = e.getActionCommand(); //获取组件名称

                switch (action){
                    case "上一张":
                        cardLayout.previous(panel);
                        break;
                    case "下一张":
                        cardLayout.next(panel);
                        break;
                    case "第一张":
                        cardLayout.first(panel);
                        break;
                    case "最后一张":
                        cardLayout.last(panel);
                        break;
                    case "第三张":
                        cardLayout.show(panel, "第三张"); //查找对应名称
                        break;

                }
            }
        };

        b1.addActionListener(actionListener);
        b2.addActionListener(actionListener);
        b3.addActionListener(actionListener);
        b4.addActionListener(actionListener);
        b5.addActionListener(actionListener);
        frame.add(panel1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

image-20221128183246605

BoxLayout 布局

image-20221128183445384

image-20221128184054555

Box 变量 = Box.createVerticalBox(); 直接添加一个水平容器

间距

image-20221128184316335

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import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //第一个容器
        Box box1 = Box.createHorizontalBox();
        box1.add(new Button("水平1"));
        box1.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue()); //创建一个间隔 水平向两边拉伸
        box1.add(new Button("水平2"));
        box1.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(30)); //创建一个固定的水平拉伸
        box1.add(new Button("水平3"));


        //第二个容器  垂直
        Box box2 = Box.createVerticalBox();
        box2.add(new Button("垂直1"));
        box2.add(Box.createVerticalGlue());
        box2.add(new Button("垂直2"));
        box2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(30));
        box2.add(new Button("垂直3"));

        frame.add(box1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(box2);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

基本组件

image-20221128190609022

image-20221128200347389

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import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class Main {

    //底部
    TextField textField = new TextField(40);
    Button b1 = new Button("确认");

    //右边
    List coloer = new List(4, true);

    //左边
    TextArea textArea = new TextArea(10,  30);
    Choice choice = new Choice();

    CheckboxGroup checkboxGroup = new CheckboxGroup();
    Checkbox checkbox = new Checkbox("男", checkboxGroup, true );
    Checkbox checkbox1 = new Checkbox("女", checkboxGroup, true );
    Checkbox checkbox2 = new Checkbox("是否已婚");

    //组装界面
    public void init(){
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //底box
        Box box3 = Box.createHorizontalBox();
        box3.add(textField);
        box3.add(b1);
        frame.add(box3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        Box box1_2 = Box.createHorizontalBox();
        Box box1 = Box.createVerticalBox();
        box1.add(textArea);
        Box box1_south = Box.createHorizontalBox();
        box1_south.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(20));
        choice.add("红色");
        choice.add("绿色");
        choice.add("黑色");
        box1_south.add(choice);
        box1_south.add(checkbox);
        box1_south.add(checkbox1);
        box1_south.add(checkbox2);
        box1.add(box1_south);

        box1_2.add(box1);
        coloer.add("红色");
        coloer.add("黑色");
        box1_2.add(coloer);
        frame.add(box1_2);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Main main = new Main();
        main.init();
    }
}

DIalog

image-20221128203335311

image-20221128203424414

image-20221128204852928

image-20221128204859981

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import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class Main {
    Frame frame = new Frame();

    Button button1 = new Button("打开文件");
    Button button2 = new Button("保存文件");

    FileDialog fileDialog1 = new FileDialog(frame, "打开文件" ,FileDialog.LOAD);
    FileDialog fileDialog2 = new FileDialog(frame, "关闭文件", FileDialog.SAVE);



    //组装界面
    public void init(){
        frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);

        button1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                fileDialog1.setVisible(true);
                System.out.println("文件路径" + fileDialog1.getDirectory());
                System.out.println("文件名"+ fileDialog1.getFile());
            }
        });
        button2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                fileDialog2.setVisible(true);
                System.out.println("文件路径" + fileDialog2.getDirectory());
                System.out.println("文件名"+ fileDialog2.getFile());
            }
        });
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Main main = new Main();
        main.init();
    }
}

事件处理

关系：

(外部动作)事件源、事件、事件监听器

image-20221128210358461

流程

image-20221128210554378

事件

image-20221128211322280

image-20221128211410506

事件监听器

image-20221128211449430

菜单组件

继承关系：

image-20221128212726059

绘图

概念

image-20221128213321499

image-20221128213608077

Graphics对象